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Rumi settled in present-day Netrokona, Mymensingh where he influenced the local ruler and population to embrace Islam. The earliest known Sufi missionaries were Syed Shah Surkhul Antia and his students, most notably Shah Sultan Rumi, who arrived in 1053 CE. Arab navigation eastwards was the result of the Muslim reign in North India.
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In addition to trade, Islam was also being introduced to the people of Bengal through the migration of missionaries prior to conquest. The earliest mosque in South Asia is possibly in Lalmonirhat, built during or just after the Prophet Muhammad's lifetime. The Arab writers also knew about the kingdoms of Samrup and Rumi, the latter being identified with the empire of Dharmapal of the Pala Empire. This evidence suggests that the Arab traders had arrived along the Bengal coast long before the Turkic conquest. Other authentications of the Arab traders present in the region was the writings of Arab geographers found on the Meghna River located near Sandwip on the Bay of Bengal. Around this time, the Arab geographer Al-Masudi and author of The Meadows of Gold, travelled to the region where he noticed a Muslim community of inhabitants residing in the region. Islam first appeared in Bengal during Pala rule, as a result of increased trade with the early Arab Muslim merchants in places such as the Port of Chittagong. The Buddhist Pala Empire enjoyed relations with the Arab Abbasid Caliphate. 4 Muslim population by decades, districts and division.Concepts of the Islamic economics's found in the Fatawa-e-Alamgiri delivered a significant direct contribution to the economy of Bengal, and the Proto-industrialization was signaled. In the 17th century, under Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb's Islamic sharia-based rule, the Bengal Subah, also known as The Paradise of the Nations, was worth over 12% of global GDP and one of the world's leading manufacturing power, from which the Dutch East India Company hugely benefited. Subsequently, Bengal was conquered by Babur, the founder of one of the gunpowder empires, but was also briefly occupied by the Suri Empire.Īkbar the Great's preaching of the syncretic Din-i Ilahi, was described as a blasphemy by the Qadi of Bengal, which caused huge controversies in South Asia. Bengal reached in her golden age during Bengal Sultanate's ruling period. The Islamic Bengal Sultanate, a major trading nation in the world, was founded by Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah after its independence from the Tughlaq dynasty. Sufi's like Shah Jalal are thought to have spread Islam in the north-eastern Bengal and Assam during the beginning of the 12th century. Following the conquests of Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji and the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate, Indian Islamic missionaries came in this region safely and achieved one of their greatest success in terms of successful dawah and number of converts to Islam in Bengal. Arab navigation in the region was the result of the Muslim reign over the Indus delta. In the 9th century, Arab Muslims established commercial as well as religious connection within the region before the conquest, mainly through the coastal regions as traders and primarily via the ports of Chittagong. Despite being a Muslim-majority country, Bangladesh is a de facto secular state. Religion is an integral part of Bangladeshi identity. The majority of Bangladeshis are Sunni, and follow the Hanafi Islamic jurisprudence. As per 2011 census, Bangladesh recorded a population of 149,772,364 people, of which the Muslim population was approximately 135,394,217, constituting an overwhelming 90.4% of the country's population, making Bangladesh the third-largest Muslim majority nation in the world after Indonesia and Pakistan. Islam is the state religion of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.